Lecture Topic(s):
Chapter 13: Bacterial Metabolism and Genetics, continued.
Reading Assignments from:
Medical Microbiology, 7th edition
Patrick R. Murray, Ken S. Rosenthal, Michael A. Pfaller
Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, PA
Homework Assignment: (based upon the lecture and reading assignment)
To assist your understanding of the assigned readings, please answer the following questions in the space below:
1. What is a genome? Compare the human genome to that of a typical bacterial cell.
2. What types of extrachromosomal genetic elements can be found in bacteria?
3. What types of enzymes are involved in DNA replication in bacteria?
4. Describe the transcriptional regulation of the lac operon. What do terms such as, “RNA polymerase”, “repressor”, “inducer”, and “CAP-cAMP complex” have to do with the lac operon?
5. Which five enzymes are necessary for tryptophan biosynthesis? How does the formation of hairpin loops in the leader peptide affect the transcription of the trp operon?
Attenuation in the trp operon, part 1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1fyd4iIDj3A
Attenuation in the trp operon, part 2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lvIfoWAuq28
6. In terms various DNA mutations, define the following mutations: transition, transversion, silent, missense, franeshift, null.
7. Describe some physical causes and chemical causes of DNA mutations.
8. Describe 5 general repair mechanisms of DNA.
9. What are plasmids? Describe them in terms of their physical properties and what they can confer
10. What are bacteriophages? Describe lysogenic infection of bacterium with temperate bacteriophage
11. What are transposons? Comment on their general structure. What can happen to transposons, once inside cells? (see p. 133).
12. Describe the various mechanisms of genetic transfer between cells (transformation, transduction, conjugation).
13.Describe the genetic mechanisms involved in the development of methicillin and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (see Figure 13-16, p.135).
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